Photo credits: National Museum of the Azulejo (Museu Nacional do Azulejo), photographers: Luísa Oliveira, Carlos Monteiro, José Pessoa, 

The National Museum of the Azulejo (Museu Nacional do Azulejo) is a museum located in Lisbon, Portugal, that showcases the history and art of Portuguese tiles, or azulejos, from the 15th century to the present day. The museum is housed in a 16th-century convent and its collection includes over 5,000 tiles, ranging from medieval pieces to modern-day works.

The museum's permanent collection is displayed in a chronological order, tracing the evolution of azulejo production in Portugal. Visitors can see examples of religious tiles, royal commissions, and secular decorations, all of which played a significant role in the country's artistic and cultural heritage. The museum also has a section dedicated to the techniques and processes involved in creating azulejos, such as glazing and painting.

One of the highlights of the museum is the set of azulejos from the destroyed church of Madre de Deus, which were salvaged and relocated to the museum. These tiles are considered one of the most important examples of the Portuguese Baroque style and cover an area of 1,300 square meters.

The museum also features a temporary exhibition space that hosts rotating exhibits related to the history and art of azulejos, as well as workshops and educational programs for visitors of all ages.

National Museum of the Azulejo in Portugal

National Museum of the Azulejo

Photo credits: History Museum of Armenia.

The History Museum of Armenia is located in Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia. It was established in 1921 and is one of the oldest and largest museums in the country. The museum's collection is dedicated to the history and culture of Armenia and encompasses over 400,000 items, including archaeological artifacts, ethnographic objects, manuscripts, and numismatic materials.

The museum's exhibits are arranged chronologically, showcasing Armenia's history from prehistoric times to the present day. The displays include ancient pottery, jewelry, and weapons, as well as manuscripts, maps, and documents related to the Armenian Genocide. One of the museum's highlights is the Urartian collection, which contains artifacts from the Urartu civilization, a powerful kingdom that existed in the Armenian Highlands from the 9th to the 6th centuries BCE.

In addition to its permanent exhibits, the museum also hosts temporary exhibitions, lectures, and educational programs for visitors of all ages. The History Museum of Armenia is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in learning about the rich cultural heritage of Armenia.

History Museum of Armenia

Photo credits: National Museum of Kazakhstan.

The National Museum of Kazakhstan is located in Nur-Sultan (formerly Astana), the capital city of Kazakhstan. It is the largest museum in the country and houses a collection of over 300,000 items related to the history and culture of Kazakhstan.

The museum is divided into several sections that showcase different aspects of Kazakh culture, including its history, art, and natural resources. The history section includes exhibits on the prehistoric and early historical periods of the region, as well as the more recent history of Kazakhstan, including the Soviet era and the country's independence in 1991.

The art section of the museum features a large collection of traditional Kazakh arts and crafts, including textiles, ceramics, and jewelry. There are also exhibits of contemporary Kazakh art, including paintings and sculptures by modern Kazakh artists.

The museum's natural history section features displays on the geology, flora, and fauna of Kazakhstan, as well as exhibits on the country's energy resources, including oil, gas, and uranium.

One of the most impressive exhibits in the museum is the Golden Man, a 2,000-year-old Scythian warrior's costume, decorated with gold and other precious metals. The exhibit is a national treasure of Kazakhstan and is considered one of the most important archaeological finds in the country's history.

National Museum of Kazakhstan in Kazakhstan

National Museum of Kazakhstan

Photo credits: The National Museum of the Philippines.

The National Museum of the Philippines, commonly known as the National Museum Manila, is a cultural institution located in the capital city of Manila. Established in 1901, it is the official repository and guardian of the country's cultural heritage. The museum's main building, located on the eastern edge of Rizal Park, is a neoclassical structure that was completed in 1926.

The National Museum Manila's collection comprises over 13,000 works of art, artifacts, and natural specimens. The museum's permanent galleries include the Archaeological, Ethnographic, Fine Arts, and Natural History exhibits. The Archaeological exhibit features artifacts and relics from the prehistoric period to the Spanish colonial era, including burial jars, earthenware, and gold jewelry. The Ethnographic exhibit displays the cultural heritage of the various indigenous groups in the Philippines, including clothing, weapons, and musical instruments. The Fine Arts exhibit showcases the works of Filipino artists from the 19th century to the present, including paintings, sculptures, and installations. Finally, the Natural History exhibit features specimens of flora and fauna found in the Philippines, including extinct species and endemic wildlife.

In addition to its permanent galleries, the National Museum Manila also hosts temporary exhibitions throughout the year, highlighting different aspects of Philippine culture and history. The museum also offers educational programs and events, including lectures, workshops, and tours.

National Museum Manila

Colonial Williamsburg is a living history museum and historic district located in Williamsburg, Virginia, USA. It was founded in the early 20th century with the goal of preserving and recreating the colonial-era capital of Virginia, which played a key role in the American Revolution. Today, the area features over 500 restored or reconstructed buildings, including shops, homes, taverns, and government buildings.

Visitors to Colonial Williamsburg can explore the restored buildings and interact with costumed interpreters who bring the colonial-era to life. Some of the popular attractions include the Governor's Palace, the Capitol building, and the Courthouse. The area also includes several museums, such as the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum, which features exhibits on American folk art, and the DeWitt Wallace Decorative Arts Museum, which showcases decorative arts from the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries.

In addition to the historic district, Colonial Williamsburg offers a variety of other activities, such as guided tours, carriage rides, and live demonstrations of colonial-era crafts. The area also hosts special events throughout the year, such as reenactments of Revolutionary War battles and colonial-era festivals.

Colonial Williamsburg is a popular destination for history buffs, families, and school groups. It provides an immersive and educational experience that allows visitors to step back in time and learn about the early days of American history.

Colonial Williamsburg

The National Museum of Finland is located in Helsinki and is the largest general museum in the country. The museum is devoted to the cultural history of Finland from prehistoric times to the present day, with a focus on the everyday lives of Finnish people. The museum's collections include over 1 million objects, such as archaeological finds, weapons, textiles, furniture, and photographs.

The museum's permanent exhibitions are spread over three floors and showcase the history and culture of Finland. The exhibitions are organized chronologically and cover topics such as the life of the early settlers, the Middle Ages, the Finnish War, the Second World War, and the post-war period.

The National Museum of Finland also hosts temporary exhibitions, events, and workshops throughout the year. The museum's cafe and shop offer visitors a chance to relax and purchase unique souvenirs and Finnish crafts. Additionally, the museum has an extensive library and archive that are open to the public for research purposes.

The museum is housed in a neo-medieval castle-style building, completed in 1910, designed by Finnish architects Herman Gesellius, Armas Lindgren, and Eliel Saarinen. The building is an iconic landmark in Helsinki and is surrounded by a beautiful park that is popular with locals and tourists alike.

The National Museum of Finland

The National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History is a museum in Chișinău, the capital of Moldova. The museum has two main sections: the Ethnography section and the Natural History section.

The Ethnography section features exhibits on Moldovan traditional culture and lifestyle, including costumes, crafts, and household items. The museum also has a collection of traditional musical instruments, religious artifacts, and folk art.

The Natural History section includes exhibits on the flora and fauna of Moldova, as well as displays on geology and paleontology. Visitors can view fossils of prehistoric animals found in the region, as well as examples of the minerals and rocks that can be found in Moldova.

The museum also hosts temporary exhibits and cultural events throughout the year, such as concerts, lectures, and festivals. The museum aims to promote the cultural and natural heritage of Moldova, and to educate visitors about the traditions and history of the country.

National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History

The National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) is a Smithsonian Institution museum located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It is dedicated to documenting the history and culture of African Americans. The museum has a collection of over 40,000 objects, including artifacts, documents, photographs, and media.

The museum's permanent exhibitions are organized into a series of galleries that explore the history and culture of African Americans from the early days of slavery through the present day. The galleries are organized thematically, and cover topics such as the African American experience in the military, sports, and music, as well as the contributions of African Americans in science, technology, and the arts.

One of the most significant and powerful exhibits in the museum is the "Slavery and Freedom" exhibition, which tells the story of the Atlantic slave trade, the system of slavery in America, and the struggle for emancipation and civil rights. Other important exhibitions include "A Changing America: 1968 and Beyond", which examines the civil rights movement and its legacy, and "Power of Place", which explores the importance of geography and location in African American history and culture.

The museum also offers a variety of programs and events, including lectures, films, performances, and workshops. Additionally, the museum has a research center and library, which provides access to a wide range of resources related to African American history and culture.

The NMAAHC is one of the newest museums on the National Mall, having opened in September 2016. Since its opening, it has become one of the most popular museums in the country, attracting millions of visitors each year. The museum has received numerous awards and accolades for its innovative design, comprehensive exhibitions, and commitment to promoting diversity and inclusion.

National Museum of African American History and Culture

Nordiska Museet, located in Stockholm, Sweden, is a museum dedicated to the history and culture of Sweden from the 16th century to the present day. It was founded in 1873 and its collections include over 1.5 million objects, ranging from textiles and furniture to toys and folk art.

The museum's exhibitions explore the everyday lives of Swedes over the centuries, with a particular focus on the traditions, customs, and crafts of rural communities. There are also displays on the history of fashion and design, as well as sections dedicated to music, literature, and the visual arts.

One of the highlights of the museum is the recreated 18th-century town square, which features shops and homes from the era. The square is complete with cobblestone streets, horse-drawn carriages, and costumed interpreters, offering visitors a glimpse into daily life in Sweden in the past.

Other notable exhibits include the Sami Collection, which showcases the clothing, tools, and handicrafts of the Sami people, an indigenous group of Northern Europe, as well as the Children's Museum, a hands-on interactive exhibit designed to teach children about Swedish history and culture.

The Nordiska Museet is also home to a restaurant, café, and gift shop, as well as a library and archive containing over 500,000 photographs and documents related to Swedish history and culture.

Nordiska Museet

Matenadaran, also known as the Mesrop Mashtots Institute of Ancient Manuscripts, is a research institute and museum in Yerevan, Armenia, dedicated to the study and preservation of Armenian manuscripts. The institute was founded in 1959 and named after the creator of the Armenian alphabet, Mesrop Mashtots.

Matenadaran houses over 17,000 manuscripts and other historical documents, including illuminated manuscripts, medieval chronicles, and medical texts. The collection includes works from the 5th century to the 19th century, and it is considered one of the largest collections of Armenian manuscripts in the world.

In addition to its vast collection of manuscripts, Matenadaran also features exhibitions that explore the history and culture of Armenia. These exhibits cover a range of topics, including art, literature, and religious traditions. The museum also offers lectures, conferences, and educational programs for students and scholars.

Matenadaran is an important cultural institution in Armenia and has contributed significantly to the preservation and dissemination of Armenian cultural heritage.

Matenadaran

The National Museum of Iran, also known as the Iran Bastan Museum, is located in Tehran and is one of the largest museums in the country. The museum has an extensive collection of artifacts, ranging from prehistoric times to the Islamic era.

The museum has two main buildings, one dedicated to pre-Islamic Iran and the other to the Islamic era. The pre-Islamic section includes artifacts from the Paleolithic, Neolithic, Bronze Age, and Iron Age periods, as well as the Achaemenid, Parthian, and Sassanid empires. There are also displays of ceramics, metalwork, and textiles from ancient Persia.

The Islamic section of the museum contains artifacts from the 7th century onward, including manuscripts, calligraphy, and decorative arts. There are also exhibits on the history of Islamic medicine, astronomy, and science.

Some of the most notable objects in the collection include the Cyrus Cylinder, the world's first human rights declaration; the Darius seal, one of the most important archaeological finds from the Achaemenid era; and a collection of coins and jewelry from the Achaemenid and Sassanid empires.

The museum also houses a library with over 300,000 books and manuscripts, including rare Islamic texts, as well as a conservation laboratory and a photography studio. It is considered one of the top tourist attractions in Tehran and is a must-see for anyone interested in the history and culture of Iran.

National Museum of Iran

The National Folk Museum of Korea, located in Seoul, South Korea, is dedicated to preserving and showcasing the cultural heritage of the Korean people. The museum is situated on the grounds of the Gyeongbokgung Palace and has three main exhibition halls.

The first hall focuses on the daily life of Koreans from prehistoric times to the present. Visitors can learn about traditional customs, clothing, housing, food, and various other aspects of Korean culture through interactive exhibits and displays.

The second hall is dedicated to the religious and philosophical beliefs of the Korean people. This includes the shamanistic practices of ancient times, Buddhism, Confucianism, and folk beliefs.

The third hall houses special exhibitions that change periodically, showcasing various aspects of Korean culture and heritage. Additionally, the museum offers a range of educational programs and events, including workshops, lectures, and traditional Korean music performances.

The National Folk Museum of Korea is an important resource for preserving and promoting the unique cultural heritage of Korea, providing visitors with a deeper understanding and appreciation of Korean history and traditions.

National Folk Museum of Korea

The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan is located in Baku, the capital city of Azerbaijan. The museum was established in 1920 and is one of the oldest museums in the country. Its main purpose is to collect, preserve, and exhibit the cultural, historical, and archaeological heritage of Azerbaijan.

The museum has more than 300,000 exhibits, which include artifacts related to Azerbaijani history, culture, and art. The exhibits are arranged in chronological order, with the oldest artifacts dating back to the Paleolithic period. The museum has separate sections dedicated to the ancient history of Azerbaijan, the medieval period, and the modern era.

One of the most important exhibits in the museum is the collection of ancient carpets, which reflects the rich tradition of Azerbaijani carpet weaving. The museum also has a collection of metal objects, ceramics, and glassware, as well as paintings and sculptures by Azerbaijani artists.

The museum has a special focus on the history of Azerbaijan's struggle for independence, with exhibits related to the country's democratic movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as the Azerbaijani people's participation in World War II.

The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan is not only a place for exhibitions but also a center for research and education. It hosts conferences, seminars, and lectures, and offers educational programs for schools and universities. The museum has a library and archives that are open to the public, which contain books, manuscripts, and photographs related to Azerbaijani history and culture.

National Museum of History of Azerbaijan

The National Museum of Indonesia, located in Jakarta, is the largest and oldest museum in the country. It was established in 1778 and is also known as the Elephant Building, due to its prominent bronze elephant statue at the entrance.

The museum houses a vast collection of over 140,000 items from various fields, including archaeology, history, ethnography, and geography. Its collection ranges from prehistoric artifacts, ancient inscriptions, Hindu-Buddhist sculptures, and ceramics to colonial-era ethnographic collections, traditional textiles, and modern art.

The museum is divided into various sections, including the Treasure Room, the Ceramic Collection, the Numismatic Room, the Textile Room, and the Indonesian Heritage Room, which displays various traditional Indonesian cultures and customs. The museum also features a section dedicated to contemporary Indonesian art.

The National Museum Jakarta has undergone several renovations over the years, with the most recent being completed in 2007. The museum's architecture reflects a blend of Javanese, Balinese, and European styles, making it an important cultural landmark in Jakarta. The museum also hosts regular events, such as temporary exhibitions, lectures, and workshops.

National Museum Jakarta

The Benaki Museum is a cultural institution in Athens, Greece that houses a vast collection of Greek art and artifacts from prehistoric times to the present day. It was founded in 1930 by Antonis Benakis, a Greek art collector and philanthropist, who donated his private collection to the Greek state to establish the museum. Today, the museum has expanded and includes several buildings in different locations throughout Athens.

The collections of the Benaki Museum are organized chronologically and thematically, featuring objects from Ancient Greece, Byzantine and post-Byzantine art, Islamic art, the Greek War of Independence, modern Greek art, and more. The museum also has a collection of European art, including works by El Greco, Rembrandt, and Rodin.

In addition to its permanent collections, the Benaki Museum also hosts temporary exhibitions, educational programs, and events, making it a lively cultural center in Athens. Its various buildings include the main museum building in Kolonaki, a mansion in Piraeus that houses the Benaki Museum of Islamic Art, and the Benaki Museum of Greek Culture in downtown Athens, which focuses on the history and culture of Greece from ancient times to the present.

Benaki Museum

The Georgian National Museum is a network of museums and research centers located throughout Georgia, with its main museum located in the capital city of Tbilisi. The museum system was established in 2004 and is dedicated to preserving and showcasing the rich history and cultural heritage of Georgia.

The Georgian National Museum includes a number of different museums and sites, including the Georgian National Museum, the Museum of Soviet Occupation, the Tbilisi History Museum, the Open Air Museum of Ethnography, the National Gallery, and the Simon Janashia Museum of Georgia. Each museum focuses on different aspects of Georgian history and culture, from prehistoric times to the present day.

The Georgian National Museum holds over 1.5 million artifacts in its collections, ranging from Paleolithic tools to contemporary art. The collections cover a wide range of topics, including archaeology, ethnography, numismatics, natural history, and art. Some of the highlights of the museum's collections include the famous gold and silver treasures from the ancient kingdom of Colchis, the medieval frescoes from the cave city of Vardzia, and the mosaics from the ancient Roman city of Pityus.

In addition to its exhibitions, the Georgian National Museum is also dedicated to research and education. The museum system includes a number of research centers and institutes, and hosts conferences, lectures, and workshops on a regular basis. The museum also offers a variety of educational programs for students of all ages, including guided tours, workshops, and interactive exhibits. Overall, the Georgian National Museum is an important institution for preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of Georgia, and is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the history and art of the Caucasus region.

Georgian National Museum

The Slovak National Museum (SNM) is the largest cultural institution in Slovakia, located in the capital city of Bratislava. It was established in 1893 and over the years has become one of the leading institutions in Slovakia for research and documentation of the cultural and historical heritage of the country.

The SNM has various branches in different parts of the country, including the Museum of History, the Museum of Natural History, the Museum of Jewish Culture, the Museum of Archaeology, and the Museum of Slovak Village. The Museum of History is the most extensive branch of the SNM and is housed in Bratislava Castle. It has more than 4 million artifacts that are related to the history of Slovakia from prehistoric times to the present day. The Museum of Natural History has an extensive collection of flora and fauna, minerals, and rocks of the country.

The Museum of Jewish Culture is located in the historic part of Bratislava and it has a collection of exhibits related to the history and culture of Jews in Slovakia. The Museum of Archaeology has exhibits related to the early history of Slovakia, including the Bronze and Iron Ages. The Museum of Slovak Village is located in Martin and it has exhibits that showcase the traditional life of people living in rural Slovakia.

Slovak National Museum

The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, commonly known as Te Papa, is the national museum and art gallery of New Zealand. Located in Wellington, it opened in 1998 after the merging of the National Museum and the National Art Gallery. Te Papa has a diverse range of exhibits, covering topics such as New Zealand's history, culture, natural environment, art, science and technology.

One of the most popular exhibits at Te Papa is the colossal squid, the largest invertebrate in the world, which is on permanent display. The museum also has a significant collection of Maori artifacts, including carvings, weaving, and taonga (treasures). Te Papa's natural history collection includes specimens of New Zealand's unique flora and fauna, including extinct species such as the moa.

Te Papa also has exhibits on New Zealand's history, including its early European settlers, the Treaty of Waitangi, and its role in world wars. The museum also showcases contemporary New Zealand art and photography, and hosts regular exhibitions on a range of topics.

In addition to its exhibitions, Te Papa has a range of interactive displays and activities, making it a great family-friendly destination. The museum also has several cafes and a gift shop. Admission to Te Papa is free, although some special exhibitions may have a fee.

Museum of New Zealand

The Turkmen Carpet Museum, also known as the National Museum of Turkmen Carpet, is located in Ashgabat, the capital city of Turkmenistan. The museum is dedicated to showcasing the traditional carpet-making culture of Turkmenistan, which is renowned for its intricate designs and high-quality workmanship.

The museum features a collection of over 2,000 carpets, including some that date back to the 18th and 19th centuries. Visitors can see a variety of styles, patterns, and colors, ranging from the classic red and blue hues to more contemporary designs.

The exhibits are arranged thematically, with different sections of the museum showcasing carpets made for various purposes, such as prayer, weddings, and everyday use. The museum also includes a section dedicated to the making of carpets, displaying tools and techniques used in the process.

Aside from the carpets, the museum also displays traditional clothing, jewelry, and other decorative objects that are related to the Turkmen carpet-making culture. Visitors can also purchase carpets and other souvenirs at the museum gift shop.

Turkmen Carpet Museum

The National Museum of Tajikistan is the largest museum in the country, located in the capital city of Dushanbe. The museum was established in 1934 and has since become a major cultural center of the country. It is located in a beautiful building that was designed by Russian architect A.V. Shusev in the 1940s.

The museum's collection consists of over 40,000 artifacts related to the history, culture, and art of Tajikistan. The museum has a rich collection of prehistoric artifacts including pottery, tools, and weapons. It also has a large collection of coins, manuscripts, and ethnographic objects.

One of the most notable exhibits in the museum is the 13-meter Buddha statue from Ajina-Tepa, which is the largest such statue in Central Asia. The museum also houses a collection of art, including works by Tajik artists as well as Russian, European, and Asian masters.

The National Museum of Tajikistan is an important cultural institution that showcases the rich history and diverse cultural heritage of the country. It is a must-visit attraction for anyone interested in the art and history of Tajikistan.

National Museum of Tajikistan

The Hungarian National Museum is a museum of history, archaeology, art, and science in Budapest, Hungary. It was founded in 1802 by Count Ferenc Széchényi with the purpose of collecting and exhibiting objects related to Hungarian history and culture. The museum's collections include over one million objects, including archaeological finds, numismatic materials, fine and applied arts, and documents and manuscripts.

The museum's exhibits are organized chronologically and thematically, covering Hungarian history from prehistoric times to the present day. Highlights of the collection include the coronation mantle of Hungarian kings, a replica of the early Christian cemetery of Aquincum, medieval stone carvings and frescoes, and a collection of Hungarian folk art. The museum also has an extensive library and archive, which includes documents related to Hungarian history and culture.

The museum is located in a neoclassical building in the heart of Budapest, which was designed by architect Mihály Pollack in the early 19th century. The building itself is a work of art, with its impressive colonnades and elegant interiors. In addition to its permanent exhibits, the museum also hosts temporary exhibitions, lectures, and events throughout the year.

The Hungarian National Museum is a must-see attraction for anyone interested in Hungarian history and culture. It provides a comprehensive overview of the country's rich and complex past and offers a fascinating glimpse into its art, science, and society.

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